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Description
16 IR 2.5 ISO internal metric threading insert
Technical data for the full-profile insert for 2.5 mm pitch
| Technical data | |
|---|---|
| Designation | 16 IR 2.5 ISO MTA |
| Brand / part number | Horn / 0000012705 |
| Type | internal threading insert, right-hand |
| Profile | full, ISO metric, 60° angle |
| Pitch | 2.5 mm |
| Infeed depth | 1.44 mm |
| Thread tolerance class | 6H |
| Insert size | 16: edge 16 mm, IC 9.525 mm |
| Cutting edges | 3 |
| Tool holders | right-hand internal SIR, size 16, holes from Ø16 mm |
| Grade | MTA: submicron carbide, PVD TiAlN |
Pitch2.5 mm
Profilefull ISO
Infeed depth1.44 mm
Tool holdersSIR 16
16 IR 2.5 ISO internal metric threading insert turns the complete internal thread profile with a pitch of 2.5 mm: flanks, root and crests. It cuts M20 and M22 coarse threads in bores from Ø16 mm. It works in size 16 right-hand SIR boring bars. It has three corners for successive use.
Full ISO profile – flanks, root and thread hole diameter
The insert finishes the thread crests in the same cycle
This insert
16 IR 2.5 ISO – full profile
Crests trimmed to diameter D1.
Comparison
Partial profile, e.g. 16 IR AG60
The crests remain as produced by boring the hole.
Axial cross section of an M20 thread after the final pass. Gold highlights the insert; the red line marks the surfaces machined by the insert.
A full-profile threading insert has short cutting edges on both sides of the tooth. During the final passes, they trim the thread crests to the hole diameter, which is the thread minor diameter D1. The insert therefore turns both the groove and the hole diameter itself, with a crest flat equal to 1/4 of the pitch, or approx. 0.62 mm.
For an M20 thread in the 6H tolerance zone, the hole diameter is 17.294–17.744 mm and the pitch diameter is 18.376–18.600 mm. Bore the hole slightly undersize beforehand. An oversized hole will leave the crests unmachined and produce a profile that is too shallow. Check the finished thread with a thread plug gauge or screw.
This insert
16 IR 2.5 ISO full profile
The insert turns the flanks, root and crests of a thread with a 2.5 mm pitch. The crest is formed in the same cycle as the flanks, ensuring a repeatable profile in production runs.
Choose for: production runs of threads with a single pitch.
Comparison
Partial profile, e.g. 16 IR AG60
The insert machines the flanks and root of the groove over a pitch range of 0.5–3.0 mm. It does not touch the crests: they retain the previously turned diameter.
Choose for: short runs and various pitches.
How the 16 IR 2.5 ISO insert cuts threads – passes, feed and cutting data
Feed of 2.5 mm per revolution and 7–15 progressively shallower passes
Schematic illustration: an insert in a right-hand SIR boring bar inside the workpiece bore. The insert is highlighted in gold.
One spindle revolution – 2.5 mm of feed
The workpiece rotates while the boring bar with the insert moves along the hole axis by 2.5 mm per spindle revolution. In a typical setup, the right-hand insert feeds toward the chuck and turns a right-hand thread. During the final passes, its side cutting edges trim the crests to the hole diameter.
Schematic illustration of the passes for an M20 thread. The lines show successive cutting edge positions.
Successive passes to an infeed depth of 1.44 mm
The insert reaches the total infeed depth of 1.44 mm in 7–15 passes; start with 11. The first pass removes the most material, and the final pass removes 0.05–0.08 mm. Use flank infeed at an angle of 29–30° to the radial direction: the insert then cuts mainly on one flank.
In a blind hole, make a relief groove at the end of the thread at least 2.7 mm wide and no shallower than the infeed depth.
Cutting speed for MTA grade
MTA grade is a submicron carbide with a PVD TiAlN coating for steel, stainless steel and cast iron. The speeds in the table apply to thread turning.
| Workpiece material | Cutting speed vc [m/min] |
|---|---|
| P Unalloyed steel, cast steel, free-cutting steel | 120–180 |
| P Low-alloy steel and cast steel (up to 5% alloying elements) | 80–130 |
| P High-alloy and tool steel | 60–80 |
| M Stainless steel and stainless cast steel | 90–130 |
| K Gray cast iron | 120–130 |
| K Ductile and malleable cast iron | 100–130 |
Spindle speed and feed for M20
Pitch P is measured along the axis between corresponding points on adjacent thread turns.
For each spindle revolution, the insert advances by one pitch: fn = P = 2.5 mm/rev.
Example: M20 in a hole in low-alloy steel, vc = 100 m/min
n = 1000 × vc / (π × d) = 1000 × 100 / (π × 20) ≈ 1590 rpm
vf = n × P = 1590 × 2.5
3975 mm/min
feed rate
d – thread diameter (20 mm), n – spindle speed, vc – cutting speed from the middle of the range in the table, vf – feed rate.
Calculate the helix angle β using the formula tan β = P / (π × d), where P is the pitch and d is the thread diameter. For M20: 2.5 / (π × 20) = 0.040, giving β ≈ 2.28°. Standard threading holder shims tilt the insert by 1–1.5°. This thread has a larger angle, so select a shim with a tilt closer to 2.3° using the holder manufacturer's table.
Internal threads with a 2.5 mm pitch – M20 and M22
One insert, many diameters with the same pitch
Hole diameters shown at the same scale. The tooth profile and thread depth are the same for each.
The pitch and thread tooth profile do not depend on the diameter. The infeed depth for an internal thread with a 2.5 mm pitch is always 1.44 mm, for both M20 and M22. The bore in the workpiece determines the thread diameter, not the insert.
The 16 IR 2.5 ISO insert cuts M20 and M22 coarse threads. Smaller threads with this pitch, up to M18, have a bore smaller than Ø16 mm and require a smaller insert.
| Group according to PN-ISO 261 | Internal thread sizes with a pitch of 2.5 mm |
|---|---|
| Coarse threadstandard pitch 2.5 mm | M20M22 |
M20 is highlighted in gold – the thread used in the drawings and calculation example in this description.
Decoding the 16 IR 2.5 ISO designation – element by element
Size, operating hand, pitch, profile and grade in the insert designation, holder selection
Dimensions according to catalogs for inserts of this standard. Enlarged corner detail.
16 IR 2.5 ISO insert dimensions
Size 16 denotes an edge length of 16 mm and an inscribed circle IC of 9.525 mm, or 3/8 inch; it is not the thread diameter. Dimensions X = 1.1 mm and Y = 1.5 mm specify the position of the cutting tip relative to the sides of the insert. The corner reproduces the ISO internal thread profile: a 60° angle, a root width of 1/8 of the pitch and a crest width of 1/4 of the pitch in the nominal profile.
16
Insert size
Edge 16 mm, IC 9.525 mm.
I
Internal thread
Turning inside holes with a boring bar.
R
Right-hand version
SIR boring bar, feed toward the chuck.
2.5
Thread pitch
2.5 mm; one insert for one pitch.
ISO
Metric profile
Angle 60°, full profile, class 6H.
MTA
Carbide grade
Submicron, PVD TiAlN, P20–P40 and K20–K30.
Only for a pitch of 2.5 mm and internal threads
The insert profile fits only one pitch. At a different feed, the insert flanks will not align with the thread flanks, producing a distorted thread. A boring bar for size 16 inserts fits holes from Ø16 mm – this determines the smallest thread.
Mount the threading insert in right-hand SIR boring bars for size 16 inserts, e.g. SIR 0013 M16, SIR 0016 P16 or SIR 0020 P16. A right-hand internal insert works only in a right-hand boring bar.
The 16 IR 2.5 ISO internal metric threading insert finishes an internal thread with a 2.5 mm pitch, including the crests, without a separate finish-boring operation. A single insert cuts 2 sizes listed in the standard's table, from M20 to M22, always with the same infeed depth of 1.44 mm. It is suitable for production runs that require a repeatable profile.
16 IR 2.5 ISO – questions about selection and use
Key information before selecting an insert
You can cut all internal metric threads with a 2.5 mm pitch and a bore from Ø16 mm: M20 and M22 coarse threads.
Yes. The full profile trims the thread crests to the hole diameter, e.g. to 17.294–17.744 mm for M20 in the 6H tolerance zone. Simply bore the hole slightly undersize beforehand.
The total insert infeed depth for an internal thread is approx. 0.58 × P, or approx. 1.44 mm for a pitch of 2.5 mm. It is the same for every diameter with this pitch.
Right-hand SIR boring bars for size 16 inserts, e.g. SIR 0013 M16 (holes from Ø16 mm), SIR 0016 P16 (from Ø19 mm), SIR 0020 P16 (from Ø24 mm) or SIR 0025 R16 (from Ø29 mm).
Usually 7 to 15 passes; start with 11. For harder materials, add passes instead of increasing the cutting speed.
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