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Milling cutters - Milling tools - Technical articles.
With regard to the structure of milling cutters, we can divide them into push-on and shank milling cutters.
What are the differences between milling cutters?
Milling cutters can be divided into two main groups based on the type of attachment: burrs with a finger, and end mills with a shank. Finger mills are tools that have their own shank and cutting part.
End mills
Shell end mills
They are almost self-contained tools, they still require a toolholder to work, which has the ability to attach smooth cylindrical shanks. Smooth shanks themselves are divided into two types: smooth and with Weldon flattening. Weldon flattening is used for larger tool diameters and is designed to prevent the tool from rotating in the holder.
Shankcutters are self-contained tools that do not need a shank for clamping - only the toolholder is needed. They are characterized by durable cutting edges, high resistance of blades to dynamic loads and high versatility of use. At the same time, they are relatively inexpensive. Carbide burrs (VHM) are suitable for cylindrical milling, copying in high-alloy, corrosion-resistant, acid-resistant and heat-resistant steels, cast iron and plastics. An additional coating of carbon-titanium nitrides, provides an increase in the hardness of the tool's outer surface to about 60 HRC resistance to elevated temperatures up to 400 °C. This helps extend tool life and increase productivity.
Slip-on cutters are non-self-contained tools. They require appropriate milling arbors for their operation, which are the intermediate between the cutter and the spindle of the lathe or milling machine. In order to reduce the cost of producing milling cutters for large diameters, push-on cutters were introduced. Thanks to the fact that they do not have a shank, production costs are consumed only by the tool itself because the production does not include a shank. Such cutters are available from 40 mm in diameter to 125 mm as standard. They are made of HSS or HSSE high speed cobalt steel. High speed steel is dedicated for machining steel, steel and structural steels up to about 35 HRC. HSSE or HSSCo cobalt high-speed steel is 2-4 HRC harder than HSS and is 64 HRC. The presence of cobalt Co in the amount of 5% increases the resistance of the blades to high temperatures. This allows the use of such cutters in stainless steels, cast iron in harsh, unfavorable machining conditions. However, too much cobalt in the steel reduces their strength, which can cause chipping. It is for this reason that the tools usually have 5% cobalt. There are also carbide cutters, which are used in CNC ( compter numerical control) machining.
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